Numbers

1. Siji, loro, telu

   Si-ji, lo-ro, te-lu

   One, two, three

   Usage

   Basic numbers in Ngoko Javanese

   Grammar Note

   Ngoko numbers. Krama equivalents: "setunggal, kalih, tiga". Javanese numbers differ from Indonesian.

2. Papat, lima, enem

   Pa-pat, li-ma, e-nem

   Four, five, six

   Usage

   Javanese numbers 4 to 6

   Grammar Note

   "Lima" is the same in Indonesian. "Papat" and "enem" are Javanese-specific forms.

3. Pitu, wolu, songo, sepuluh

   Pi-tu, wo-lu, so-ngo, se-pu-luh

   Seven, eight, nine, ten

   Usage

   Javanese numbers 7 to 10

   Grammar Note

   "Sepuluh" (ten) is shared with Indonesian. "Songo" (nine) is Javanese-specific vs. Indonesian "sembilan".

4. Setunggal

   Se-tung-gal

   One (formal/Krama)

   Usage

   Krama form of one, used in formal counting or polite contexts

   Grammar Note

   Krama "one" is "setunggal". Ngoko is "siji". Use Krama forms in formal settings or with seniors.

5. Satus

   Sa-tus

   One hundred

   Usage

   Larger number used in prices and quantities

   Grammar Note

   "Sa-" (one) + "tus" (hundred). Thousand = "sewu", million = "sejuta". Partly shared with Indonesian.

6. Sewu

   Se-wu

   One thousand

   Usage

   Used for prices and quantities of one thousand

   Grammar Note

   "Sewu" is the Javanese word for thousand, distinct from Indonesian "seribu". Larger: "rong ewu" (2,000), "lima ewu" (5,000).

7. Kalih (loro)

   Ka-lih (lo-ro)

   Two (Krama and Ngoko forms)

   Usage

   Understanding both speech-level forms of the number two

   Grammar Note

   Numbers also change by speech level. Krama numbers: setunggal(1), kalih(2), tiga(3), sekawan(4), gangsal(5).

8. Pira?

   Pi-ra?

   How many? / How much?

   Usage

   Ngoko question word for quantity or amount

   Grammar Note

   "Pira?" (Ngoko) and "Pinten?" (Krama) both mean "how much?". "Pira?" works well in markets and warungs.

9. Kaping pindho

   Ka-ping pin-dho

   Twice, two times

   Usage

   Expressing repetition or multiplication

   Grammar Note

   "Kaping" forms ordinal or repetition numbers: "kaping siji" (first/once), "kaping telu" (three times).

10. Setengah

    Se-te-ngah

    Half

    Usage

    Expressing half a quantity or price

    Grammar Note

    "Setengah" is identical in Indonesian. Uses: "setengah kilo" (half kilo), "setengah jam" (30 minutes).

11. Umur kula pitulikur taun.

    U-mur ku-la pi-tu-li-kur ta-un.

    I'm 27 years old

    Usage

    Stating your age. In Ngoko this would be "Umurku pitulikur taun"

    Grammar Note

    Javanese has a dedicated series for 21–29 built with "likur", the unit coming first: salikur (21), rolikur (22), pitulikur (27), wolulikur (28) — 25 is the exception, "selawe". This differs from Indonesian "dua puluh tujuh". Both the likur numerals and "umur" are shared between Krama and Ngoko, so they stay the same in polite speech.

12. Taun punika umur kula wolulikur taun.

    Ta-un pu-ni-ka u-mur ku-la wo-lu-li-kur ta-un.

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Putting "taun punika" (this year) at the front is enough to mean "I turn … this year". In Ngoko this is "taun iki"

    Grammar Note

    "Punika" (this) is the Krama demonstrative and follows its noun, corresponding to Ngoko "iki". Only the time expression is added at the front; the age phrase (umur + possessor + number + taun) is unchanged.

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